At the current stage, low-altitude UAV defense work mainly relies on core technical means such as radar detection and sensor networks. By conducting comprehensive monitoring and accurate identification of various low-altitude threat elements including ground obstacles and unauthorized flying UAVs, it effectively avoids safety risks caused by relevant flight activities. As a key supporting technology in the low-altitude defense system, the application scope of radar detection widely covers core links such as target detection, threat level assessment, and countermeasure strategy planning. Its core goal is to accurately resist various potential threats that endanger public safety and infringe on personal privacy, ensuring the safe and stable operation of low-altitude airspace. From the perspective of the current status of technical application, the application principles of radar detection technology mainly include three core aspects: basic radar working principle, precise target identification and positioning principle, and real-time dynamic monitoring and rapid response principle. In actual defense operations, dedicated low-altitude radars actively transmit electromagnetic signals of specific frequency bands and accurately receive echo signals reflected by targets. With the help of signal analysis algorithms, they can accurately calculate the relative distance between the target and the radar; at the same time, relying on the physical characteristic of the Doppler effect, they can further obtain the radial movement speed and spatial azimuth information of the target. These key data provide reliable technical support for subsequent threat level assessment and the formulation of targeted countermeasure strategies, thereby steadily achieving the core goal of low-altitude UAV defense. Relying on various technical types such as monopulse radar, conical scanning radar, and concealed conical scanning radar, the radar detection system can flexibly adapt to the defense needs of different application scenarios such as urban airspace, airport surroundings, and important venues. Meanwhile, key parameters such as signal wavelength, frequency characteristics, and amplitude changes collected during radar detection can realize precise positioning and attribute identification of different types of targets such as UAVs and fixed obstacles through feature matching algorithms. At this stage, low-altitude defense systems built based on radar detection technology usually have excellent rapid response capabilities, which can complete the capture of low-altitude UAV flight trajectories, detection of potential threats, and threat level assessment in a very short time, providing solid reference basis for the defense decision-making level to formulate scientific and reasonable defense strategies.
In the practical application of the low-altitude UAV defense system, radar detection technology shows significant advantages due to its unique technical characteristics, which can be specifically summarized into the following three core aspects: First, prominent real-time performance. Radar detection technology has the capability of all-weather continuous operation. The electromagnetic signals it uses are minimally interfered by the natural environment, and can stably adapt to various complex weather conditions such as daytime, nighttime, heavy rain, fog, and sandstorms. It continuously provides real-time and continuous target data support for low-altitude UAV defense work, ensuring the dynamic perception efficiency of the defense system; Second, accurate and reliable positioning accuracy. In radar detection practice, the adoption of advanced technical solutions such as phased array antennas and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can greatly improve the spatial positioning accuracy of targets; on this basis, combined with auxiliary technologies such as high-frequency laser scanning and 3D modeling, it can stably achieve centimeter-level measurement accuracy in various application scenarios such as complex urban airspace and airport clearance areas, providing strong technical support for precise countermeasures; Third, significant non-contact advantage. Radar detection is essentially a non-contact measurement technology that can complete the entire detection process without direct physical contact with the detected target. This core characteristic not only simplifies the detection process and improves operational efficiency, but also greatly reduces the interference of the detection process on the target's flight state, and effectively avoids equipment loss and potential safety hazards that may arise from contact detection.
