Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-02-11 Origin: Site
Modern counter-unmanned aerial vehicle (counter-UAV) technology has gradually matured, forming a complete system architecture with clear hierarchies and complementary functions. Its core mainly consists of three major technical modules: detection and identification, electronic countermeasures, and physical interception. These three modules advance layer by layer and work collaboratively to build an all-round counter-UAV defensive barrier.
As the fundamental prerequisite of defense, detection and identification technology is designed to accurately detect, identify, and track UAV targets. At present, it mainly adopts a multi-modal fusion detection approach, which can be divided into three categories:
Radio Frequency (RF) Detection Technology: It identifies targets by capturing and analyzing the communication signal characteristics between UAVs and remote controllers. A typical representative is the Dechuang Tracker, which can accurately capture signals in the mainstream UAV communication bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz with an identification accuracy of up to 98%, enabling rapid differentiation between legal and illegal UAVs.
Radar Detection Technology: Represented by the KuRFS system, it operates in the Ku-band (12–18 GHz). It can effectively detect mini and small UAVs with a radar cross-section of only 0.01 square meters at a maximum range of 8 kilometers, balancing detection distance and precision.
Electro-Optical Identification Technology: Through the deep integration of visible light imaging and infrared thermal imaging, it overcomes environmental constraints such as lighting and weather. Systems like SkyWall thus achieve all-weather, all-time target tracking and can precisely lock onto low-flying UAVs.
As the core soft-kill component of the counter-UAV system, ECM technology disrupts the normal operation links of UAVs through jamming, spoofing, and other means, achieving defense without directly destroying the target. Its core methods fall into three types:
Communication Jamming Technology: It releases jamming signals in specific frequency bands to suppress the control and data links between UAVs and remote controllers. For example, tactical counter-UAV electromagnetic jamming guns can simultaneously jam four mainstream UAV operating bands: 433 MHz, 915 MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz, featuring wide coverage and direct jamming effects.
Navigation Spoofing Technology: It simulates satellite navigation signals and transmits false position, velocity, and other navigation data to UAVs, misleading them to deviate from planned routes or make a forced landing.
Protocol Cracking Technology: It parses UAV communication protocols through reverse engineering to seize control of specific UAV models.
As the last line of defense, physical interception is a hard-kill measure targeting UAVs that have broken through soft-kill defenses and continue to approach. Diverse interception methods have been developed to meet defensive requirements in different scenarios. Among them, kinetic interception destroys targets through direct collision between interception weapons and UAVs.
